Biology › Pathogens, disease and immunity

Pathogens, disease and immunity

Unit B11 · 5 lessons.

Notes

Illustrated notes for each topic in this unit, with worked examples and a checklist of objectives.

Pathogens and non-specific defences
Bacteria, viruses, fungi and protoctista with named diseases; how pathogens damage tissue through toxins and cell lysis; exotoxins (Staphylococcus)…
The specific immune response
Antigens and the distinction between self and non-self; the cellular response with T-helper and T-killer cells, clonal selection and clonal…
Antibodies, vaccination and the four kinds of immunity
Antibody structure and how it suits its function; agglutination, neutralisation and marking for phagocytosis; active and passive, natural and…
Infectious disease: transmission and control
The transmission of cholera, malaria, tuberculosis and HIV with the pathogen named for each, including the four Plasmodium species and the two…
Plant disease and plant defences
Ring rot and tobacco mosaic virus as named plant diseases and why control is containment rather than cure; callose sealing plasmodesmata and sieve…

91 original questions across 5 topics, every one with a point-by-point mark scheme.

Pathogens and non-specific defences questions (21 questions, 71 marks)
The specific immune response questions (17 questions, 61 marks)
Antibodies, vaccination and the four kinds of immunity questions (19 questions, 67 marks)
Infectious disease: transmission and control questions (19 questions, 68 marks)
Plant disease and plant defences questions (15 questions, 49 marks)

The practical capabilities this unit's work belongs to, each with its techniques, its calculations and the errors that cost marks.